Immobilization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles onto Surfaces Using Different Strategies: Evaluating the Influence of the Functionalized Interface on the Performance of a Thermal Assay for the Detection of the Cardiac Biomarker Troponin I

We demonstrate that a novel functionalized interface, where molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) are attached to screen-printed graphite electrodes (SPEs), can be utilized for the thermal detection of cardiac biomarker troponin I (cTnI). The ultrasensitive unique protein cTnI early diagnosis myocardial infraction (i.e., heart attacks), resulting in considerably lower patient mortality and morbidity. Our developed platform presents an innovative route develop accurate, low-cost, disposable sensors cardiovascular diseases, specifically infraction. A reproducible advantageous solid-phase approach was synthesize high-affinity nanoMIPs (average size = 71 nm) cTnI, which served as synthetic receptors sensing platform. To assess performance commercial potential sensor platform, various approaches were used immobilize onto thermocouples or SPEs: dip coating, drop casting, covalent relying on electrografting with organic coupling reaction. Characterization nanoMIP-functionalized surfaces performed electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy. Measurements from in-house designed setup revealed functionalization SPEs led most capabilities. proof application provided by measuring buffered solutions spiked demonstrated through monitoring changes heat transfer at solid–liquid we measure concentrations low 10 pg L–1, sensitive test this type. Furthermore, preliminary data presented prototype detect shorter measurement times smaller sample volumes. excellent performance, versatility nanoMIPs, low-cost nature technology has clear high contribute sustainable healthcare.